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The Interpretation Process betwen Czech and Portuguese Language: an Approach Towards Selected Linguistic Problems
Hrušovská, Petra ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The present thesis, The Interpretation Process between Czech and Portuguese Language: an Approach Towards Selected Linguistic Problems, analyses the two languages belonging to different language families from the interpreter's point of view. The Introduction gives rea- sons for choosing the topic and outlines the general structure of the thesis. Chapter 1 (Lan- guages and Interpreting) delineates theoretical issues pertinent to language typology accord- ing to Skalička, comparing the structures of Czech and Portuguese, and outlines a basic intro- duction to interpreting. The principal subject is defined as selected linguistic problems that intepreters have to deal with when working with Czech and Portuguese. Chapter 2 (Transla- tion Procedures) focuses on methods and procedures of translation, in particular those pro- posed by Vinay and Darbelnet. Chapter 3 (Morphology and Syntax) gives a contrastive analy- sis with sample translations of substantives, adjectives, pronouns and articles in both lan- guages. The last chapter (lexicology) describes some phenomena related to lexical questions (interferences, synonymy and phraseology). The thesis is concluded by stressing the role of context in interpreting, leading eventually to some limitations for the analysis. Key words: Czech, Portuguese, Typology...
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Use of Language in Internet Communication and its Impact on Standard Portuguese
Kohoutová, Kamila ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
Use of language in CMC and its impact on daily used Portuguese Bachelor Thesis Portuguese Philology Charles University in Prague Author: Kamila Kohoutová Supervisor: PhDr. Jan Hricsina, Ph.D. Abstract The present thesis concerns use of a specific language code, typical for computer-mediated communication and online environment. Such code is more often than not associated with younger generations, namely the millennials and generation Z, and have been raising worries as to what impact it might have on teenage literacy and their capacity to properly communicate. The aim of the thesis is to verify whether use of Internet by these generations indeed may influence Portuguese language in a negative way. First, we present the topic in a concise way in the introduction part and then move to describing not only the social changes, but also technology innovations, remodelling the linguistic landscape over past centuries. We further investigate the direct impact that the Internet, as a medium, has had on language genres in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 is dedicated to categorizing the characteristics of netspeak and Chapter 4 focuses on the theory of code-switching. Finally, the thesis is concluded by our own analysis of written works by Portuguese secondary school students. Key words: Portuguese, Internet, computer-mediated...
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Animals in the Czech and Portuguese phraseology
Veverková, Anna ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the Portuguese and Czech idioms which contain names of animals and of the parts of their bodies. The initial part of the thesis discusses the theoretical aspects of phraseology regarding the differences in the approach of the Czech and Portuguese linguists. Based on the theoretical platform, the practical part is dedicated to the analysis of the idioms. The basis for the practical part is constituted by the extensive list of Portuguese and Czech idioms, which are analyzed from various points of view, but always with the objective to find differences between Czech and Portuguese as well as the traces which the two languages have in common. Apart from other aspects, the practical part is dedicated to the research of the equivalence between the Czech and Portuguese idioms, to the analysis of the chosen groups of expressions and to the etymology of some of them. Key words animals, phraseology, Czech, Portuguese
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Terminative and resultative verbal periphrasis in Spanish and Portuguese
Hrobská, Eva ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
This diploma thesis is dedicated to the topic of Terminative and resultative verbal periphrasis in Spanish and Portuguese and is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the first part, we give a general summary and classification of verbal periphrasis with an emphasis on the terminative and resultative ones. Included with the theoretical description there is also a subchapter about the situation in the Czech language which mainly discusses the question of verbal aspect. Subsequently, the theoretical results are compared in the second part of this work which is dedicated to a corpus analysis. We outline the frequency of chosen periphrasis in corpus in different types of documents but also the Czech translations. For this purpose, we were working with a parallel corpus InterCorp, more precisely Spanish and Portuguese subcorpus, but also with monolingual Spanish corpus CREA and monolingual Portuguese corpus Corpus do Português. In this part we have chosen the following periphrasis for the analysis: tener + participle, llevar + participle, estar + participle and salir + participle in Spanish and ter + participle, ficar + participle and sair + participle in Portuguese. In both languages we have chosen both active and passive resultative periphrasis.
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Portuguese in Macau
Havlíková, Iva ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
(in English): The aim of this thesis, called Portuguese in Macau, is to examine the situation of Portuguese language in the former Portuguese colony. The thesis is divided into several main parts. In order to examine the situation of Portuguese language in detail, a complete understanding of historical development in this territory as well as in China, where it belongs nowadays, is required. The history of Portuguese presence in Macau is outlined in the first chapter. The second chapter focuses on Macau's demographics. Development in number of inhabitants and ethnic composition is described. The chapter also takes account of population age composition, place of birth and religion. As a result of interaction of diverse cultures in Macau peninsula, a specific group of inhabitants has been formed. This community does identify themselves neither with the Chinese majority nor with the Portuguese minority. The chapter tends to define, who these native inhabitants of Macau, the so called filhos da terra, are. The historical formation and the most important characteristics are described. Considering the diverse ethnic composition of Macau's population, we can expect that this fact will be reflected in language situation of the territory. The fourth chapter focuses on language situation. Its first parts...
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Reflection of Old Portuguese in the dialects of Current Portuguese
Weber, Petr ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
Diploma thesis "Reflection of Old Portuguese in dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese" deals with influence of Old Portuguese on dialects used and spoken over area of Continental Portugal. The first part of diploma thesis reflects language history, its development and language changes in general terms. After overview of general rules of language development and explanation of language changes theory Portuguese language is described from genealogical, geographical and historical point of view. The first chapters of main part of diploma thesis focuses on Old Portuguese and its historical stages which will be analyzed based on its subsystems - phonetical, lexical and morphosyntactical. The theme of relation of language and its dialects will be discussed as well. One of the most important parts of Diploma thesis is dedicated to description and classification of dialects of Contemporary Portuguese high-lighting differences in phonetical and lexical subsystems of these dialects. Presentation of Old Portuguese and dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese is followed by the research part of Diploma thesis. Our research is based on hypothesis which claims that the remnants of Old Portuguese are more evident in phonetical and lexical subsystems of dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese while...
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The Language Situation in Angola
Ferreira de Sousa, Natalie ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The objective of this bachelor's thesis is to briefly introduce to reader the language situation in Angola. Main topics are historical-sociological development of portuguese language and local languages, their position in this area and situation of portuguese in the present day. For this chosen objective I utilized available angolan specialist literature and articles that were occupying similar topic. To explore this theme I took advantage of my direct linkage to Angola. Creating this thesis I had achieved to make a complete summary of language situation in Angola, which can serve to readers who would like to gain a idea how took place a development of colonial language in colony and in the same time of development of local languages in concrete african country. Similar development scheme took place in majority of african countries. Contribution of this work is mainly in creating a bachelor thesis about chosen topic in czech language with usage of my direct contacts to Angola.
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Deep contextualized word embeddings from character language models for neural sequence labeling
Lief, Eric ; Pecina, Pavel (advisor) ; Kocmi, Tom (referee)
A family of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such as part-of- speech (PoS) tagging, Named Entity Recognition (NER), and Multiword Expression (MWE) identification all involve assigning labels to sequences of words in text (sequence labeling). Most modern machine learning approaches to sequence labeling utilize word embeddings, learned representations of text, in which words with similar meanings have similar representations. Quite recently, contextualized word embeddings have garnered much attention because, unlike pretrained context- insensitive embeddings such as word2vec, they are able to capture word meaning in context. In this thesis, I evaluate the performance of different embedding setups (context-sensitive, context-insensitive word, as well as task-specific word, character, lemma, and PoS) on the three abovementioned sequence labeling tasks using a deep learning model (BiLSTM) and Portuguese datasets. v
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The Teaching of Portuguese in Cape Verde (in primary education)
Patočková, Michaela Zoe ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Svobodová, Petra (referee)
In this study I focused on the education of Portuguese language on the islands of Cape Verde, especially in range of basic education. In order to achieve this purpose there are historical, cultural and linguistic correlations mapped, which are influencing local inhabitants and their use of languages. Most of all the study focuses on the differences in circumstances, in which creole and Portuguese are used. Furthermore the cape Verdean educational system is described with a special attentiveness to the educational language, individual levels of educational system, the education of Portuguese language and the training of pedagogues, such as current tendencies of education. The executed questionnaire confirms the already achieved conclusions. Apart from that was discovered, that the implementation of education in creole is planned for long time, but until now couldn't be forced, especially because of problems caused by differences between creole on individual islands. The contribution of this study is a complex recapitulation of cultural and linguistically conditions and their influences on present situation in terms of the education of Portuguese language and general overview of the use of languages in the educational system of Cape Verde.
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